CELL RECEPTORS MEDIATING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYO AND SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT: CLUES FROM MOUSE AND RABBIT MODELS: A REVIEW
Keywords:
preimplantation embryo, cell receptors, embryo-maternal communicationAbstract
Preimplantation period of embryo development is one of the most sensitive phases in mammalian ontogeny, and disturbances at this developmental stage can result in poor pregnancy outcomes (in both embryos resulting from natural conception or from biotechnology procedures). Results of experimental studies have shown that maternal physiological condition and external environmental factors can significantly influence preimplantation embryo development, indicating a communication between the early embryo and its environment. The study of communication between the early embryo and surrounding environment has been mainly focused on protein signaling molecules such as growth factors and cytokines. However, small-molecule ligands, such as biogenic monoamines, have been shown to influence preimplantation embryo development as well, and results obtained in mouse and rabbit models indicate that biogenic monoamine receptors are expressed in preimplantation embryos. Several adrenergic, dopamine serotonin and histamine receptors were detected in mouse and rabbit ovulated oocytes and preimplantation embryos, and in mouse embryonic stem cells. Although the physiological role of biogenic monoamine receptors in early embryonic cells is not fully understood, experimental data indicate their involvement in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival under physiological as well as unfavorable or pathological conditions (e.g. during maternal stress).
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