Genetic analyse of selected horse breeds reares in the Slovak Republic

Abstract

In the population of five breeds of horses (Arabian full-blooded horse, English half-blooded horse, Nonius, Slovak warm-blooded horse and Sports breed of warm-blooded horse), analysis was carried out using biochemical polymorphic markers in twelve genetic systems (eight from blood hemolysates and four from proteins in blood serum). Breeds of horses were characterised according to the frequency of alleles (two-allele systems of hemoglobin, X´-protein, malatedehydrogenase, posttransferrin, prealbumin-1, ceruloplasmin, amylase, esterase-1; three-allele polymorphic system for albumin, five-allele system for carbonic anhydrase and postalbumin-1 and six-allele system for transferrin) and genotypic structure polymorphic proteins were revealed. The tested breeds were in all the systems polymorphic as suggested by the results. The lowest value of genetic distance was calculated between Arabian full-blooded horse and Slovak warm-blooded horse (D = 0,0821). The highest genetic distance was found between the Nonius and the Slovak warm-blooded horse (D = 0,1937) which also correspond to the lowest index of genetic similarity (IGS = 0,8239).