DIPEPTIDE ENTEROCIN A/P APPLIED TO GROWING RABBITS WITH ADMINISTERED METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS: EVALUATION OF GROWTH PARAMETERS AND MEAT QUALITY
Keywords:
rabbits, meat quality, enterocin A/P, methicillin-resistance, Staphylococcus epidermidis P3/Tr2aAbstract
The aim of this study was to find: (1) whether bacteriocin-enterocin Ent A/P applied in rabbits drinking water can have an inhibitory effect on methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis P3/Tr2a; (2) whether application of the P3/Tr2a strain can negatively influence selected parameters and meat quality, and (3) if application of enterocin A/P can reduce possible negative impact of the P3/Tr2a strain. A total of 66 post-weaned hybrid rabbits (meat lines M91 and P91) of both sexes at the age of 35 days were divided into two experimental (EG1; EG2) and one control (CG) groups (22 rabbits in each group). Rabbits were kept in standard metal cages. They were fed with a mixture of a standard diet. At day 14, rabbits in the EG1 were administered with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis P3/Tr2a strain (in drinking water), marked with rifampicin (a dose of 500 μl/animal/day; 1.0 x 105 CFU/ml). Rabbits in the EG2 were administered with Ent A/P (50 μl/animal/day) supplied in drinking water (first 14 days). The rabbits had access to water ad libitum. Since day 22, all animals were fed only the untreated commercial granulated diet for growing rabbits. The experiment lasted for 48 days. Sampling of faecal mixtures per each group was provided at days 0/1, 14, 21 and 48 (end of experiment) to assess staphylococci and Staphylococcus epidermidis P3/Tr2a. At day 56 and at the end of the experiment, carcass and meat quality parameters (pH value 24 h post-mortem, colour lightness, water-holding capacity, protein and fat content, energetic value of the carcass yield) were measured. Methicillin-resistant SE strain did not affect negatively the selected physico-chemical parameters and nutritional quality of rabbit meat, as well as growth performance and the zootechnical parameters. In addition, in rabbits with Ent A/P, the highest daily weight gain was noted. In spite of the fact, that there was not significant reduction in the SE strain, enterocin A/P could be used as a preventive supplement in rabbit husbandry.
References
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<br>Goller, C. C. & Romeo, T. (2008). Environmental influences on biofilm development. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 322, 37−66.
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<br>Kellner, R., Jung, G., Hőrner, T., Zähner, H., Shnell, N., Entian, K. D. & Gőtz, F. (1988). Gallidermin: a new lanthionin-containig polypeptide antibiotic. European Journal of Biochemistry, 177(1), 53−59.
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<br>Lauková, A., Strompfová, V., Skřivanová, V., Volek, Z., Jindřichová, E. & Marounek, M. (2006). Bacteriocin-producing strain of Enterococcus faecium EK 13 with probiotic character and its application in the digestive tract of rabbits. Biologia (Bratislava), 61(6), 779−782. DOI: 10.2478/s11756-006-0191-9.
<br>Lauková, A., Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Kandričáková, A., Ščerbová, J., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Formelová, Z., Ondruška, Ľ., Štrkolcová, G. & Strompfová, V. (2017). Beneficial effect of bacteriocin-producing strain Enterococcus durans ED 26E/7 in model experiment using broiler rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 62, 168−177.
<br>Lauková, A., Chrastinová, Ľ., Pogány Simonová, M., Strompfová, V., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Formelová, Z., Chrenková, M. & Ondruška, Ľ. (2012). Enterococcus faecium AL 41: Its enterocin M and their beneficial use in rabbits husbandry. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 2012, 4, 243−249.
<br>Lauková, A., Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Formelová, Z., Chrenková, M., Ondruška, Ľ. & Strompfová, V. (2016). Benefits of combinative application of probiotic, enterocin M producing strain Enterococcus faecium AL41 and Eleutherococcus senticosus in rabbits. Folia Microbiologica, 61, 169−177.
<br>Lauková, A., Bino, E., Kubašová, I., Strompfová, V., Miltko, R., Belzecki, G. & Pogány Simonová, M. (2020). Characterisation of Faecal Staphylococci from Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) and Their Susceptibility to Gallidermin. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 12(1), 302−310.
<br>Münch, S. (2004). Chemistry of fat and accompanying substances. Fleichswirtschaft, 4, 163−167. [in German]
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ. & Lauková, A. (2020). Autochtonous Strain Enterococcus faecium EF2019(CCM7420), Its Bacteriocin and Their Beneficial Effects in Broiler Rabbits: A Review. Animals, 10(7), art. no. 1188.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Lauková, A., Žitňan, R. & Chrastinová, Ľ. (2015). Effect of rabbit-origin enterocin-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 application on growth performance and gut morphometry in rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 60, 509−512.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Kandričáková, A., Kubašová, I., Formelová, Z., Chrenková, M., Miltko, R., Belzecki, G., Strompfová, V. & Lauková, A. (2019). Enterocin M and sage supplementation in post-weaning rabbits: Effects on growth performance, caecal microbiota, fermentation and enzymatic activity. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 2020, 12(2), 732−739. DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09584-z.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Lauková, A., Strompfová, V., Faix, Š., Vasilková, Z., Ondruška, R., Jurčík, R. & Rafay, J. (2009). Enterococcus faecium CCM 7420, bacteriocin PPB CCM 7420 and their effect in the digestive tract of rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 54, 376−386.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, L’., Mojto, J., Lauková, A., Szabóová, R. & Rafay, J. (2010). Quality of rabbit meat and phyto-additives. Czech Journal of Food Science, 28, 161−167.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Lauková, A., Žitňan, R. & Chrastinová, Ľ. (2015). Effect of rabbit-origin enterocin-producing strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 application on growth performance and gut morphometry in rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 60(11), 509−512.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Galová, N., Bino, E. & Lauková, A. (2020). Využitie enterocínov na inhibovanie rastu meticilín rezistentných stafylokokov (Enterocin use to inhibit methicillin resistant staphylococci). Slovenský veterinársky časopis (Slovak Veterinary Journal), 45(1), 40−41.
<br>Rafay, J., Novotná, K., Mojto, J., Bozic, A. & Chrenek, P. (2008). Some meat utility and quality traits of transgenic rabbit. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 41(3), 121−125.
<br>Růžička, F., Holá, V. & Votava, M. (2004). Biofilm detection and the clinical significance of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. Folia Microbiologica, 49(5), art. no. 596.
<br>Strmiska, F., Holčíkova, K., Simonová, E., Mrázova, E., Hodeková, J., Votašaková, A., Pristašová, M., Strmiska, J., Strmisková, G., Kruparová, M., Gola, J., Papajová, H., Mareš, J., Kostkanová, E. & Ehrenhaft, B. (1988). Požívatinové tabuľky, I. − Potravinové suroviny, [Food Tables, I. − Food components]. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 189.
<br>STN 570185. (1962). Slovak Technical Standards. Examination of meat, meat products and canned meat and prepared meats in cans. Chemical and physical methods, Bratislava, Slovakia.
<br>Szabóová, R., Lauková, A., Chrastinová, Ľ., Pogány Simonová, M., Strompfová, V., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Vasilková Z. & Chrenková, M. (2011). Enterocin 4231 produced by Enterococcus faecium CCM 4231 and its use in rabbits. Acta Veterinaria (Beograd), 61(5-6), 523−529. DOI: 10.2298/AVB 1106523S.
<br>Szabóová, R., Chrastinová, Ľ., Lauková, A., Haviarová, M., Simonová, M., Strompfová, V., Faix. Š., Vasilková, Z., Chrenková, M., Plachá, I., Mojto, J. & Rafay, J. (2008). Bacteriocin – prodicing strain Enterococcus faecium CCM4231 and its use in rabbits. International Journal of Probiotics & Prebiotics, 3(2), 77−82.
<br>Takáčová, J., Ryzner, M., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Faixová, Z. & Faix, Š. (2012). Thymus vulgaris essential oil in poultry nutrition. In: Book of Abstracts from 25th Days of Animal Physiology, 17-19 October; Košice, Slovakia, p.72, ISBN: 978-80-968618-8-0.
<br>Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74, 3583−3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2.</div>
<br>Bianospino, E., Wechsler, F. S., Fernandes, S., Roça, R. D. O., & Moura, A. S. A. (2006). Growth, carcass and meat quality traits of straightbred and crossbred Botucatu rabbits. World Rabbit Science, 14, 237−246. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2006.563.
<br>Cunha, S., Mendes, Ă., Rego, D., Meireles, D., Fernandes, R., Carvalho, A. & Martins da Costa, P. (2017). Effect of competitive exclusion in rabbits using an autochtochtonous probiotic. World Rabbit Science, 25, 123−134.
<br>Dalle Zotte, A. & Szendro, S. (2011). The role of rabbit meat as functional food. Meat Science, 88, 319−331. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.02.017.
<br>Falão-e-Cunha, L., Castro-Solla, L., Maertens, L., Marounek, M., Pinheiro, V., Freire, J. & Mourão, J. L. (2007). Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in rabbit feeding: A review. World Rabbit Science, 15, 127−140.
<br>Freeman, D. J., Falkiner, F. R. & Keane, C. T. (1989). New method for detecting slime production by coagulase negative staphylococci. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 42(8), 872−874.
<br>Goller, C. C. & Romeo, T. (2008). Environmental influences on biofilm development. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 322, 37−66.
<br>Hašek, A. & Palanská, O. (1976). Determination of water holding capacity in meat by instruments at constant pressure. Poultry Industry, 18, 228−233. [in Slovak]
<br>Hernández, P., Pla, M.,Oliver, M. A. & Blasco, A. (2000). Relationships between meat quality measurements in rabbits fed with three diets of different fat type and content. Meat Science, 55, 379−384. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(99)00163-1.
<br>Hermans, K., Devriese, L. A. & Haesebrouck, F. (2003). Rabbit staphylococcosis: difficult solutions for serious problems. Veterinary Microbiology, 91(1), 57−64.
<br>Chaieb, K., Chehab, O. & Zmantar, T. (2007). In vitro effect of pH and ethanol on biofilm formation by clinical ica- positive Staphylococcus epidermidis strains. Annals in Microbiology, 57, 431−437.
<br>Chrastinová, Ľ., Lauková, A., Chrenková, M., Polačiková, M., Formelová, Z., Kandričáková, A., Bino, E., Ščerbová, J., Bučko, O., Ondruška, Ľ., Szabóová, R. & Jurčík, R. (2018). Effects of Enterocin M and Durancin ED26E/7 substances applied in drinking water on the selected carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler rabbits. Archiva Zootechnica, 21(1), 5−17.
<br>Christensen, G. D., Simpson, W. A. & Bisno, A. L. (1982). Adherence of slime-producing strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis to smooth surfaces. Infections and Immunology, 37(1), 318−326.
<br>Kalafová,A., Bulla, J., Bučko, O., Emrichová, J., Zbýňovská, K., Petruška, P., Schneidgenová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Ondruška, Ľ., Jurčik, R., Čupka, P., Mellen M. & Capcarová, M. (2014). Meat quality of female rabbits following administration of epicatechin. Maso International, 4(1), 71−75.
<br>Kalafová, A., Bulla, J., Bučko, O., Emrichová, J., Zbýňovská, K., Petruška, P., Schneidgenová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Ondruška, Ľ., Jurčik, R., Mellen, M. & Capcarová, M. (2015). Quality of meat rabbits after application of epicatechin and patulin. Potravinarstvo − Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 9(1), 124−132.
<br>Kalma, R. P., Patel, V. K., Joshi, A., Umatiya, R. V., Parmar, K. N., Damor, S. V., Chauhan, H. D., Srivastava, A. K. & Sharma, H. A. (2016). Probiotic supplementation in rabbit: A review. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 8, 2811–2815.
<br>Kellner, R., Jung, G., Hőrner, T., Zähner, H., Shnell, N., Entian, K. D. & Gőtz, F. (1988). Gallidermin: a new lanthionin-containig polypeptide antibiotic. European Journal of Biochemistry, 177(1), 53−59.
<br>Lambertini, L., Bergoglio, G., Masoero, G. & Gramenzi, A. (1996). Comparison between Provisal and Hyla rabbit strains. I. Slaughtering performances and muscle composition. In: Proc. 6th WRSA Congres, Toulouse, vol. 3, 195−199.
<br>Lauková, A., Strompfová, V., Skřivanová, V., Volek, Z., Jindřichová, E. & Marounek, M. (2006). Bacteriocin-producing strain of Enterococcus faecium EK 13 with probiotic character and its application in the digestive tract of rabbits. Biologia (Bratislava), 61(6), 779−782. DOI: 10.2478/s11756-006-0191-9.
<br>Lauková, A., Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Kandričáková, A., Ščerbová, J., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Formelová, Z., Ondruška, Ľ., Štrkolcová, G. & Strompfová, V. (2017). Beneficial effect of bacteriocin-producing strain Enterococcus durans ED 26E/7 in model experiment using broiler rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 62, 168−177.
<br>Lauková, A., Chrastinová, Ľ., Pogány Simonová, M., Strompfová, V., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Formelová, Z., Chrenková, M. & Ondruška, Ľ. (2012). Enterococcus faecium AL 41: Its enterocin M and their beneficial use in rabbits husbandry. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 2012, 4, 243−249.
<br>Lauková, A., Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Formelová, Z., Chrenková, M., Ondruška, Ľ. & Strompfová, V. (2016). Benefits of combinative application of probiotic, enterocin M producing strain Enterococcus faecium AL41 and Eleutherococcus senticosus in rabbits. Folia Microbiologica, 61, 169−177.
<br>Lauková, A., Bino, E., Kubašová, I., Strompfová, V., Miltko, R., Belzecki, G. & Pogány Simonová, M. (2020). Characterisation of Faecal Staphylococci from Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) and Their Susceptibility to Gallidermin. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 12(1), 302−310.
<br>Münch, S. (2004). Chemistry of fat and accompanying substances. Fleichswirtschaft, 4, 163−167. [in German]
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ. & Lauková, A. (2020). Autochtonous Strain Enterococcus faecium EF2019(CCM7420), Its Bacteriocin and Their Beneficial Effects in Broiler Rabbits: A Review. Animals, 10(7), art. no. 1188.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Lauková, A., Žitňan, R. & Chrastinová, Ľ. (2015). Effect of rabbit-origin enterocin-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 application on growth performance and gut morphometry in rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 60, 509−512.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Kandričáková, A., Kubašová, I., Formelová, Z., Chrenková, M., Miltko, R., Belzecki, G., Strompfová, V. & Lauková, A. (2019). Enterocin M and sage supplementation in post-weaning rabbits: Effects on growth performance, caecal microbiota, fermentation and enzymatic activity. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 2020, 12(2), 732−739. DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09584-z.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, Ľ., Lauková, A., Strompfová, V., Faix, Š., Vasilková, Z., Ondruška, R., Jurčík, R. & Rafay, J. (2009). Enterococcus faecium CCM 7420, bacteriocin PPB CCM 7420 and their effect in the digestive tract of rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 54, 376−386.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Chrastinová, L’., Mojto, J., Lauková, A., Szabóová, R. & Rafay, J. (2010). Quality of rabbit meat and phyto-additives. Czech Journal of Food Science, 28, 161−167.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Lauková, A., Žitňan, R. & Chrastinová, Ľ. (2015). Effect of rabbit-origin enterocin-producing strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 application on growth performance and gut morphometry in rabbits. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 60(11), 509−512.
<br>Pogány Simonová, M., Galová, N., Bino, E. & Lauková, A. (2020). Využitie enterocínov na inhibovanie rastu meticilín rezistentných stafylokokov (Enterocin use to inhibit methicillin resistant staphylococci). Slovenský veterinársky časopis (Slovak Veterinary Journal), 45(1), 40−41.
<br>Rafay, J., Novotná, K., Mojto, J., Bozic, A. & Chrenek, P. (2008). Some meat utility and quality traits of transgenic rabbit. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 41(3), 121−125.
<br>Růžička, F., Holá, V. & Votava, M. (2004). Biofilm detection and the clinical significance of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. Folia Microbiologica, 49(5), art. no. 596.
<br>Strmiska, F., Holčíkova, K., Simonová, E., Mrázova, E., Hodeková, J., Votašaková, A., Pristašová, M., Strmiska, J., Strmisková, G., Kruparová, M., Gola, J., Papajová, H., Mareš, J., Kostkanová, E. & Ehrenhaft, B. (1988). Požívatinové tabuľky, I. − Potravinové suroviny, [Food Tables, I. − Food components]. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 189.
<br>STN 570185. (1962). Slovak Technical Standards. Examination of meat, meat products and canned meat and prepared meats in cans. Chemical and physical methods, Bratislava, Slovakia.
<br>Szabóová, R., Lauková, A., Chrastinová, Ľ., Pogány Simonová, M., Strompfová, V., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Vasilková Z. & Chrenková, M. (2011). Enterocin 4231 produced by Enterococcus faecium CCM 4231 and its use in rabbits. Acta Veterinaria (Beograd), 61(5-6), 523−529. DOI: 10.2298/AVB 1106523S.
<br>Szabóová, R., Chrastinová, Ľ., Lauková, A., Haviarová, M., Simonová, M., Strompfová, V., Faix. Š., Vasilková, Z., Chrenková, M., Plachá, I., Mojto, J. & Rafay, J. (2008). Bacteriocin – prodicing strain Enterococcus faecium CCM4231 and its use in rabbits. International Journal of Probiotics & Prebiotics, 3(2), 77−82.
<br>Takáčová, J., Ryzner, M., Plachá, I., Čobanová, K., Faixová, Z. & Faix, Š. (2012). Thymus vulgaris essential oil in poultry nutrition. In: Book of Abstracts from 25th Days of Animal Physiology, 17-19 October; Košice, Slovakia, p.72, ISBN: 978-80-968618-8-0.
<br>Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74, 3583−3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2.</div>
